Summary: The IDSA guidelines recommend ciprofloxacin plus amoxicillin-clavulanate when treating low-risk patients with febrile neutropenia because until now the majority of randomized clinical trials evaluating fluoroquinolones in these patients have used this combination. However, levofloxacin possesses greater Gram-positive activity than ciprofloxacin and therefore there is potential to use levofloxacin monotherapy when treating low-risk febrile neutropenic patients.